Abstracts fra Bibliotek for Læger 2/2005

Oversigtsartikel: Baggrunden for oprettelsen af Udvalget Vedrørende Videnskabelig Uredelighed, set i eftertidens lys.

Povl Riis

 

Oversigtsartikel: Videnskabelig uredelighed efter Kuhn.

Finn Collin

Bibl Læger 2005; 197: 108–25.

Thomas Kuhn’s philosophy of science, as presented in The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, has led to a fundamental reorientation in our understanding of the scientific process. The implications of Kuhn’s work for issues concerning the notion of scientific fraud have hardly been touched upon in the literature, however. Still, on a number of points, Kuhn’s position appears to raise challenges to the traditional conception of scientific fraud. The pertains to his constructivism, to his notion of “anomalies”, and to the very notion of a “paradigm” with its inherent implications of methodological pluralism and relativism. This article presents these challenges and provides suggestions as to how they might be handled by agencies that adjudicate cases of scientific dishonesty.

 

Oversigtsartikel: Videnskabelig uredelighed i samfunds- og sundhedsvidenskaberne. Ligheder, forskelle og et par forslag.

Kjeld Møller Pedersen

 

Oversigtsartikel: Erfaringer, videnskab, uvidenhed og etik ved beslutningsstøtte mellem faglighed og politik.

Mogens Henze & Poul Harremoës†

 

Kronik: Kan den moderne biomedicin udstilles på museum? Thomas Söderqvist 171

Thomas Söderqvist:

Bibl Læger 2005; 197: 171 – 89.

The rise of biomedicine in the last 50 years is a major challenge for medical history museums. Traditionally these museums display concrete, tangible and easily recognisable objects, like medical instruments and wet-specimens of tissues and organs. But biomedical research and clinical development is rapidly moving away from these kinds of tangible objects. The rise of molecular medicine and the emerging digitalisation of medical practice make medical objects become more and more abstract, non-tangible and difficult to recognise. As a consequence medical history museums are facing a major cognitive problem: how to display medical objects that are almost invisible, hardly elicit any emotional responses, and are difficult to understand?

 

Original artikel: En irisanalyseklinik. Sus Pade i Vejle

Mogens Norn:

An alternative iris- analytic clinic: Sus Pade in Vejle, Denmark.

Bibl Læger 2005; 195: 190-205.

Sus Pade (1955–2002) was trained in ceramic work and in iridology. In 1974 she established her famous iris analytic clinic in Vejle, Jutland. Here, she also taught pupils in iridology for certification. Photographic documentation and objects were donated in 2003 to Medical Museion, University of Copenhagen. Sus Pade’s comprehensive written material for students reveals not only the colour and localisation of the many iris points, believed to represent digestive organs in circulus pupillaris and lungs, heart, limbs, etc. in the circulus ciliaris of iris, but also signs of diabetes, tuberculosis, threatening suicide, dementia etc. in the pupil rim. Internal diseases were represented in lens, conjunctiva and sclera. The examination of the client could also include percussion of lungs and abdomen, gastric acid examination and first of all a detailed conversation: the anamnesis. The iris signs were examinated in a slit lamp and stenographically marked on an irigraph and later, connected with case reports with ordinations, based on alternative therapy, such as homoeopatic drugs, esoteric psychology, Yin-Yang, magnet-, vitamin-, mineral-, zone-, art-, and sound therapy. Some case reports are published in the appendix. Sus Pade’s slit lamp photos are commmented, as well as her iridology is compared with scientifically based medicine.

 

Forsidebillede: Irisfotografier fra Sus Pades patientdokumentation.